Hume

Hume

 Definition:

Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism who was born in 1711 to a moderately wealthy family from Berwickshire Scotland, near Edinburgh.
Sample Sentences:

Part of Hume’s fame and importance owes to his boldly skeptical approach to a range of philosophical subjects.

“Hume is our Politics, Hume is our Trade, Hume is our Philosophy, Hume is our Religion.”
Hume’s skeptical claim is that we have no experience of a simple, individual impression that we can call the self—where the “self” is the totality of a person’s conscious life.
Usage:

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hume/
David Hume
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/hume.html
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    David Hume was a Scottish philosopher. historian and economist.  He uses empricists philosophy which is a view of causality, the problem of induction, and the distinction between fact and value.   Hume also works with various forms of moderate or mitigated skepticism.  He was a harsh critic of metaphysics and religion.  His first and most famous and successful works was Treatise of Human Nature.  One of his works, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, argues about his views on the natural religion of the British Royal Society.
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Sartre

Sartre

 Definition:

Professor of Philosophy, independent writer, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, literary critic, and playwright who was born in Paris in 1905.
Sample Sentences:

Sartre is one of those writers for whom a determined philosophical position is the centre of their artistic being.

Since the end of the Second World War, Sartre has been living as an independent writer.

Sartre is perhaps best known as a playwright.

Usage:

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sartre/
Brainy Quote http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/jeanpaul_sartre.html
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    Sartre was a Professor of Philosophy, independent writer, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, literary critic, and playwright.  He believed that literature was committed; artistic creation is a moral activity.  His central philosophical work, L'Etre et le néant (Being and Nothingness), was a massive structuralization of his concept of being.  His popular essay L'Existentialisme est un humanisme (Existentialism is a Humanism), can be seen in the series of novels, Les Chemins de la Liberté (The Roads to Freedom).  He was known as the best playwright of his time. 

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Maslow

Maslow

 Definition:

a Psychologist and practioner of humanistic psychology who was born April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York.
Sample Sentences:

To satisfy his parents, Maslow first studied law at the City College of New York.
Maslow became interested in research on human sexuality.

Maslow served as the chair of the psychology department at Brandeis from 1951 to 1969.

Usage:

Official Abraham Maslow Publications
http://www.maslow.com/
Business Balls
http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm
Paragraph:

    Maslow was a psychologist and practioner of humanistic psychology.  He descovered the five Human Hierarchy of Needs.  He made a model of this in order from the most needed to least, self-actualization, esteem, belonging/love, safety, and then biological and physiological.  This diagram has been updated as well so it was never just perfect the first time because of it's criticism.  The Human Hierarchy of Needs was also made into a book, The Organism.  He had also made his own crusade for a humanistic psychology, which was ultimately much more important to him than his own theorizing. 

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Goethe

Goethe

 Definition:

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer, artist, and politician who was born on 28 August 1749 in Frankfurt, Germany.
Sample Sentences:

Goethe's early years of education were inconsistent; informally from his father and then with tutors.

At the age of sixteen, in 1765, Goethe went to Leipzig University to study law as his father wished, though he also gained much recognition from the Rococo poems and lyric he wrote during this period.
Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774) a novel written in monologue, inspired by his unrequited love for Charlotte Buff, the fiancé of a friend, became a worldwide success for him at the age of 25.

Usage:

Brainy Quote http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/johann_wolfgang_von_goeth.html
http://www.iuj.ac.jp/media/stokes/goethe.htm
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    Goethe was a German writer, artist, and politican.  He was the greates contributor of the Romantic Period.  He studied law, geological and botanical studies.  He's famous for his two part poetic drama, Faust.  Goethe achieved fame in Germany with the play Goetz of Berlichingen, which scorned fashionable literary correctness, formalism, and cosmopolitanism.  Goethe's careful attention to sociological factors made him an important factor of many modern thinkers.


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Beckett

Beckett

 Definition:

Samuel Barclay Beckett was an Irish novelist, playwright, theatre director, and poet, who was born on Good Friday, April 13, 1906, near Dublin, Ireland.
Sample Sentences:

Beckett made his way through Ireland, France, England, and Germany, all the while writing poems and stories and doing odd jobs to get by.

He joined the underground movement and fought for the resistance until 1942.

Samuel Beckett's first play, Eleutheria, mirrors his own search for freedom, revolving around a young man's efforts to cut himself loose from his family and social obligations.
Usage:

The Modern World
http://www.themodernword.com/beckett/
The New York Times
http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/b/samuel_beckett/index.html
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    Samuel Beckett was a novelist, playwright, theatre director and poet.  He was a very quiet and kept to himself kind of person.  He wrote an essage defence of Joyce's Magnum Opus agaisnt the publics lazy demand for essay comprehensibility.  He got a noble prize for his piece the "Whoroscope".  He was involved in the ungerground movement and the resistance.  One of his works that he is most famous for is "Waiting for Godot" (1953), the most influential play of the last hundred years, forever altering the form and direction of drama. 


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Blaise Pascal

Blaise Pascal

 Definition:

a French Mathmatican, Inventor, Writer, and Pilosopher who was born at Clermont on June 19, 1623, and died at Paris on Aug. 19, 1662.
Sample Sentences:

Pascal employed his arithmetical triangle in 1653, but no account of his method was printed till 1665.

Pascal's arithmetical triangle, to any required order, is got by drawing a diagonal downwards from right to left as in the figure.

Pascal made an illegitimate use of the new theory in the seventh chapter of his Pensées.

Usage:

http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Pascal/RouseBall/RB_Pascal.html
Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pascal/
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    Pascal was a French Mathamatican, Inventor, Writer, and Philosopher.  He invented the Calculating Machine.  He made The Mathematical Theory of Probability.  He contributed to the number theory and geometry.  Pascal was at first involved in the religious movement then his views changed and was always around the gamblers and thinkers.  He was influenced by Michel De Montaigne.

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Whitehead's Metaphysics

Whitehead's Metaphysics
 Definition:

is the most advanced and sophisticated version of process philosophy, an ontology that takes events rather than enduring substances as the basic units of reality.
Sample Sentences:

The Canadian symposium on Whitehead’s Metaphysics was held May 25, 1992.

Whitehead's Metaphysics made the Process & Reality.

That Whitehead’s philosophy would become more easily understood in the future was a sentiment expressed by many of Whitehead’s contemporaries; the present essay is intended to give substance to such a hope.

Usuage:

Religion Online
http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=2837
Questia
http://www.questia.com/library/1439560/whitehead-s-metaphysics-an-introductory-exposition
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    Whitehead's Metaphysics was created by Alfred North Metaphysics.  It was invented to learn the basics of reality.  It forms the Process & Reality which defines the task of "Speculative Philosophy" and attemps to determine chronilogical order The book recieved its strongest impetus in May, 1976.  The book was a struggle with many complications and problems through out it.


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